Only a few industrial elements have widespread popularity as aluminum. More specifically, desirable traits with flexible properties make its alloys a preference. One of the quintessential characteristics to enable such utility is density.

Pure aluminum merely makes it into applications in its raw composition. Meanwhile, the density of alloys tends to vary exquisitely based on alloying elements. It’s crucial to know the density of different Al alloys to allow proper utility.

What is Aluminum Density?

Density discloses the numeric value of the mass of some object occupying a certain space against its specific volume. In mathematical terms, the simplified expression at constant room temp looks like : Density=Total mass of an object/Total volume of that mass

So, aluminum density would mean the mass of some aluminum metal occupying space per unit volume. However, the Aluminum Association has already standardized the value.

And the pure Al’s density values to 2700 kg/m³ (SI unit) or 2.70 g/cm³ (FPS unit). Whereas in the FPS unit, Aluminum density in lb/in³ measures 0.1 only.

Density Variation Among Aluminum & Its Alloys

Aluminum alloys are the ones to be used for industrial applications. It makes Al alloy densities more important. The inclusion of alloying metals as well as chemical reactions trigger slight changes in values.

1xxx series alloys are as much as 99% close to pure Al’s density. But some of the 7xxx or 8xxx series alloys can reach up to 2.9 g/cm³. Meantime, some 4xxx series alloys are found to have a slightly lower density.

These minimal changes have a profound impact on aluminum alloys’ versatility and usability. It not only exhibits the impact of alloying materials but also determines the extent of usable mechanical properties.

Some other leading factors to contribute to the changes in density include : processing, grain Size, temperature, hardening, heat treatment, coating, hydration, and impurities.

Density Chart for Aluminum Alloys

1 g/cm³ = 1000 kg/m³

Significance of Aluminum Density

Low aluminum density makes its metal alloys light in weight. Even a massive amount of aluminum weighs considerably less than alternate metal alloys. It may not sound special at first, but this is what makes aluminum a universal preference. The importance of such low density includes –

• Lightweight –The compulsive importance lies within the low weight. None of the Al alloys touches 3 g/cm³. It makes aluminum a universal choice for uses where high strength against low weight is required.
• Selection –Structural frames, fluid dynamics, product packaging, etc now heavily rely on Al alloys. The only available alternative is heavier steel. But Al still dominates with its flexibility and versatility.
• Resistance –Aluminum alloys are less reactive compared to pure aluminum. Their inactive state due to thin surface layers minimizes exterior damages. This layer protects the alloy body from corrosion.
• Reusability –Denser alloys require more energy for separation and melting. Lightweight Al consumes minimal energy for recycling. That’s why these alloys are particular favorites in recycling plants.
• Acoustics –A unique trait involves speaker diaphragms made of aluminum. Sound speed through Al is 6420 m/s, almost an incomprehensible value. It allows distinct impedance with superb quality.
• Conductivity –Light Al features as much as twice the electrical conductivity of Cu. Power transmission lines can effectively use suitable aluminum alloys, given their excellent retention of properties.
• Expense –Weight has a vital role in shipment and hence, production. Sheets/blocks cost comparatively less due to lower density. They save fuel consumption to plunge the overall transportation cost.

Sunrise Metal specializes in Al alloys with a decade-long experience in the die-casting industry. It’s ready to deliver the absolute best aluminum die casting alloys for specified projects. Contact now to consult with our professionals to decide on the required alloy configurations.